Correlation between alcoholism and smoking and digestive neoplasms in the elderly: a Painel Oncologia x Vigitel study
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Abstract
Introduction: Digestive tract neoplasms are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, influenced by modifiable risk factors such as alcohol consumption and smoking. Additionally, advanced age emerges as a significant predictor for these neoplasms. Methods: This ecological study utilized data from the Painel Oncologia and Vigitel systems to correlate lifestyle habits of elderly individuals with the incidence of malignant digestive neoplasms. Results: The correlation between the incidence of digestive neoplasms in Brazilian capitals and the rates of smokers and excessive alcohol consumers in these capitals was statistically significant (p<0.01) for all digestive neoplasms, except for stomach and colon neoplasms in relation to smoking. Pearson correlation coefficients were positive for nine digestive neoplasms, with the highest values observed for esophageal cancer (0.237) and rectal cancer (0.352) with respect to alcohol consumption, and for rectosigmoid junction (0.403) and small intestine (0.325) with respect to tobacco use. Conclusion: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with digestive cancers in the elderly, highlighting the need for effective prevention and early diagnosis strategies for digestive cancers.
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